Rigidity of space
V.F.Laptev., A.D.Rudnev

     Great Maxwell is so respected the opinion of Faraday, that rose to his defense against slander of contemporaries joked about the high Faraday ideas that he expressed, as usual, not worrying about the accuracy of mathematical description. Maxwell had many times to bring to the stage of the validity of a mathematical proof of Faraday  approach to one or another problem. Today it seems strange that science has not taken timely and physically reasonable proposal of Faraday to present vacuum as "... highly stretched or compressed structure" [1]. The genius of physical providence was not heard ...
    Perfectly clear, - what guided Faraday, in formulating these ideas - the need to transfer the physical forces in space. Figure 1 schematically represents both Faraday structures of space. In the variant of the stretched network there  is  drawback - the need to somehow "fasten" the ends. This contradicts the infinity of the world and can't be implemented. Compressed version of the structure (Fig.1b), on the contrary - suggests the presence of the center, relatively to which there are nodes of structure. Infinity of the world together with the presence of the center of the structure determine the concentration gradient of nodes. And for the relative compression of structure nodes suits known property of the Coulomb interaction of electric charges. The result of development of this idea was the diverging structure of spatial electric charges (SEC) - of the electrons. Unaware of the concept of Faraday, we came to the same model, but just from the other side. The twisting of magnetic flux was found  [2], which analysis revealed serious shortcomings of the modern theory of magnetism and demanded that the environment and all the space surrounding us perceive the torque relative to the magnetic flux. Since the magnetic flux itself is a movement of electrons, we also came to the conclusion that the structure of SEC exists. By analyzing the properties of the proposed structure of SEC, we found that having a concentration gradient of the charges, the structure will have also the potential gradient - the electrical tension. It unwittingly suggests about analogies with the potential field of electric charge. The whole difference lies in the fact that the volume density of charges of SEC will be characterized not only by  varying volume , but also varying charge. So, if we place between-charges  distance by z  linear function remotness from a source

so, in observed volume would be charge

providing volumetric density of charge
     The presence of electrical tension  surely will force to move separate electrons, because of the fact that expulsive force will work on them.

    The structure of the SEC turns out as scattering system of electrons, but the force that reduces(3) causes, on  considerable distance from the source, a negligible velocity of the scattering. However, in an area dS, perpendicular to the motion vector, this force will generate a current which can be measured.
      Procedures for the experimental determination of the intensity of the flow are described in detail [3] and we have to give its numerical value, which is on the Earth's surface was found to be  .
     It is time to get acquainted with the "user's" features of such a space. As the most important characteristic of SEC we should recognize the elasticity module of the structure as a response of the structure to the force applied to a single electron. Identify them - has been quite challenging because of "collectivism" of an infinite number of charges. We had to go by limiting the considered volume  by the criterion of the margin of error of calculations.
      If we draw a cross section through SEC throug a test charge, then, mentally throwing one half, we obtain the pushing effect of the remainder of the charges on the test charge

     Exactly such an effort senses every charge in the structure of SEC. But how to calculate the value of this force with an infinite number terms of sum? To go to the final values ​​of forces, we denote the Coulomb force of interaction between adjacent charges as one.
Then an arbitrary charge contributes to the total sum of forces that are normal to the plane of the section
And asking ourselves about permissible relative error , limiting initially ordinal number of charge on x axis , and then - on у axis

Thus, we have limited the consideration of charges, contributing less than that. Family of boundary curves for = 0.01, 0.001 and 0.0001, forming in space an imaginary body of rotation, is shown in Figure 11.
                                                                                                                              Fig. 3  The borders of spheres of the space

    By calculating the sum of the forces of interaction between charges of limited space, we compare the pairs of values ​​- of the relative error andof  the sum of forces acting on the charge. The approximate value of this row  for arbitrary error is achieved by function



An equally important parameter is the SEC elasticity modulus of connection of the test charge with all the grid of  SEC. It can be defined only for one of the spheres as a derivative

Оптимальная из сфер на рис.3 представляется в этом случае условными зарядами, расположенными на главном перпендикуляре по узлам решетки ПЭЗ, а величины их зарядов пропорциональны сумме сил в отдельном слое тела вращения (рис.4 ).
The optimal sphere in Figure 3 shows in this case by  the conventional charges located on the main perpendicular to the lattice sites, SEC, and the values ​​of their charges are proportional to the sum of the forces in a single layer of body rotation (Fig. 4).
                                                                                                                                 Fig. 4 The placement of conventional charge

    Adding the increments dz to the position of the test charge, we find the increment of the emerging force of interaction (Fig. 5), aimed at stabilizing the situation of a test charge in the structure of SEC. The right figure shows a graph of the derivative - modulus of elasticity of SEC.
      It is clear that for the movement of a test charge relative to the structure of SEC by more than on 0,25 z, there is need of considerable work to do. At the same time, for the vibrations of a test charge with an amplitude of less than 0,1 z, this work is practically equal to zero.
                                                                                                                     Fig. 5 Balancing force and elasticity modulus of SEC

     If we consider that in the air module SEC is only 0.7 nm, it becomes clear that the structure of the SEC practically does not allow high-frequency oscillations, as it is very effectively resists to acceleration.




1. Maxvell D.K. A Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism.v.1. M., Nauka. 1989.
2. A.D.Rudnev., V.F.Laptev. Teoria transformatora (The theory of transformator). Nuansi ili aisberg (Nuances or an iceberg? In compilation of writings "Sovremennie problemi nauki". (Modern problems of science)  Edition1., edited by. academician RANS Zivluk U.N., "Kniga. Prosveschenie. Miloserdie" (Book Education Charity)., М.., 1999.
3. Zivluk U.N., Rudnev A.D., Laptev V.F. "Opisanie i resultati eksperimentа po registracii zariadovoi strukturi prostranstva i izmereniu gravitazionnih konstant Zemli". (Description and results of experiment on registration of charge-transfer structure of space and measurement gravitational constants of the Earth) М., 2001.